> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.duitpos.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Payments

> Record money actually received or paid out, and allocate it across one or more invoices.

A **Payment** records money that actually changed hands — separate from the invoice that created the obligation. This matters because payments don't always line up 1-to-1 with invoices: one bank transfer might cover three invoices, or one invoice might be paid in two instalments. A Payment's **allocations** handle exactly that.

<Frame>
  <img src="https://mintlify.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/duitpos-128fe424/images/retail-payments.png" alt="Payment detail page with allocations against multiple invoices" />
</Frame>

## Payment Fields

| Field             | Required | Description                                                                                            |
| ----------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Party**         | Yes      | The customer (if receiving) or supplier (if paying)                                                    |
| **Payment Type**  | Yes      | `Receive` (money coming in, from a customer) or `Pay` (money going out, to a supplier)                 |
| **Posting Date**  | Yes      | The date the payment happened                                                                          |
| **Amount**        | Yes      | The total payment amount                                                                               |
| **Payment Mode**  | Yes      | Which cash/bank account this posts against, e.g. `Cash`, `Bank Transfer`                               |
| **Reference No.** | No       | Cheque number, transaction reference, etc.                                                             |
| **Currency**      | No       | Defaults to base currency; set to match the party's currency if paying/receiving in a foreign currency |

### Allocation Fields (optional, one row per invoice this payment settles)

| Field                | Required | Description                                                     |
| -------------------- | -------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Invoice**          | Yes      | Which Sales/Purchase Invoice this portion settles               |
| **Allocated Amount** | Yes      | How much of the total payment goes toward this specific invoice |

<Tip>
  A payment doesn't have to be fully allocated at creation time — but any allocated amount can't exceed the invoice's remaining balance, and the system checks this at submit time.
</Tip>

## Create a Payment

<Steps>
  <Step title="Go to Retail → Payments">
    Under Retail — Sales & Payments.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Click New Payment">
    Choose the Party, Payment Type (Receive or Pay), and Amount.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Add allocations (optional)">
    Pick the invoice(s) this payment settles, and how much goes to each.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Submit">
    The party's outstanding balance drops by the allocated amount(s).
  </Step>
</Steps>

## Frequently Asked Questions

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="What happens if I record a payment without allocating it to any invoice?">
    It's still recorded (money moved), but it won't reduce any specific invoice's outstanding balance until you allocate it — useful for advance payments/deposits you'll allocate later.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="What's FX Gain/Loss and when does it show up?">
    If a payment is settled on a different date (and therefore a different exchange rate) than when the original invoice was submitted, the difference between the two rates posts automatically to the FX Gain/Loss account — you don't calculate or post this manually.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Can I see how much a party still owes before recording a payment?">
    Yes — the party's edit page has an Outstanding panel, and the payment form's allocation picker shows their open invoices.
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Related

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="Sales Invoices" icon="file-output" href="/retail/sales-invoices">What a customer payment settles</Card>
  <Card title="Purchase Invoices" icon="file-input" href="/retail/purchase-invoices">What a supplier payment settles</Card>
  <Card title="Parties" icon="contact" href="/retail/party">See a party's outstanding balance</Card>
  <Card title="Overview" icon="layout-dashboard" href="/retail/overview">Back to the module overview</Card>
</CardGroup>